![]() ![]() This is in spite of Nova Scotia being some fifteen parallels south. The Nova Scotia climate is in many ways similar to the central Baltic Sea coast in Northern Europe, only wetter and snowier. ![]() However, winters are still cold enough to be classified as continental – still being nearer the freezing point than inland areas to the west. The winter and summer temperature extremes of the continental climate are moderated by the ocean. Since the province is almost surrounded by the sea, the climate is closer to maritime than to continental climate. Nova Scotia lies in the mid-temperate zone. Halifax is the thirteenth-largest census metropolitan area in Canada, the largest city in Atlantic Canada, and Canada's second-largest coastal city after Vancouver. Nova Scotia's capital and largest city is Halifax, which today is home to about 45 percent of the province's population. In 1848, Nova Scotia became the first British colony to achieve responsible government, and it federated in July 1867 with New Brunswick and the Province of Canada (now Ontario and Quebec) to form what is now the country of Canada. During the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), thousands of Loyalists settled in Nova Scotia. Following the Great Upheaval (1755–1763) where the British deported the Acadians en masse, the Conquest of New France (1758–1760) by the British, and the Treaty of Paris (1763), France had to surrender Acadia to the British Empire. The Fortress of Louisbourg was a key focus point in the battle for control. ![]() Britain fought France for the territory on numerous occasions for over a century afterwards. In 1605, Acadia, France's first New France colony, was founded with the creation of Acadia's capital, Port-Royal. The land that comprises what is now Nova Scotia was inhabited by the Miꞌkmaq people at the time of European exploration. The province borders the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the south and east, and is separated from Prince Edward Island and the island of Newfoundland by the Northumberland and Cabot straits, respectively. The peninsula that makes up Nova Scotia's mainland is connected to the rest of North America by the Isthmus of Chignecto, on which the province's land border with New Brunswick is located. Its area of 55,284 square kilometres (21,345 sq mi) includes Cape Breton Island and 3,800 other coastal islands. It is the country's second-most densely populated province and second-smallest province by area, both after Prince Edward Island. It is the most populous of Canada's Atlantic provinces. Most of the population are native English-speakers and the province's population is 969,383 according to the 2021 Census. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. Nova Scotia ( noh- VƏ-_- SKOH-shə French: Nouvelle-Écosse Scottish Gaelic: Alba Nuadh Mi'kmaq: Nopa Skoꞌsia) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. Rankings include all provinces and territories ![]()
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